1. Ki te whakaritea ki ngā pūwero whakamatao piston tauutuutu, he maha ngā painga o ngā pūwero whakamatao tīwiri pērā i te tere tere, te mama, te iti o te rōrahi, te iti o te tapuwae me te iti o te pao o te putanga hau.
2. Kāore he kaha whakapūmau papatipu tauutuutu o te pūwero whakamatao tīwiri, he pai te mahi taurite hihiri, he pumau te mahi, he iti te wiri turanga, he iti hoki te turanga.
3. He māmā te hanganga o te pūwero whakamatao tīwiri, ā, he iti noa ngā wāhanga. Kāore he wāhanga mau pērā i ngā takirere hau me ngā mowhiti piston. Ko ōna wāhanga waku matua, pērā i ngā rotors me ngā peara, he kaha teitei me te ātete ki te mau, ā, he pai ngā āhuatanga whakahinuhinu, nō reira he iti ake te nui o te mīhini, he iti te whakamahinga rauemi, he roa te huringa whakahaere, he pono te whakamahinga, he māmā te tiaki, ā, he pai te whakatinanatanga o te mahi aunoa.
4. Ki te whakatauritea ki te pūwero tere, ko ngā āhuatanga o te pūwero tīwiri he tuku hau ā-kaha, arā, kāore te nekehanga e pāngia e te pēhanga tukunga, ā, kāore he āhuatanga ngaru ina iti te nekehanga. I roto i te whānuitanga o ngā āhuatanga, ka taea tonu te pupuri i te pai o te mahi kia teitei.
5. Ka whakamahia te takirere reti mō te whakatikatika, ka taea te whakatutuki i te whakatikatika kore-taahiraa o te kaha.
6. Kāore te pūwero tīwiri e aro ki te urunga wai, ā, ka taea te whakamatao mā te werohanga hinu, nō reira i raro i te ōwehenga pēhanga ōrite, he iti iho te pāmahana putanga i tērā o te momo piston, nō reira he teitei ake te ōwehenga pēhanga kotahi-wāhanga.
7. Kāore he rahinga whakawātea, nō reira he teitei te whai huatanga o te rahinga.
Te kaupapa mahi me te hanganga o te pūwero tīwiri:
1. Te tukanga manawa:
Me hoahoa te putanga momi i te taha whakauru o te momo tīwiri kia taea ai e te rūma pēhi te manawa katoa i te hau, engari kāore he rōpū takirere whakauru me te putanga hau o te pēhi hau tīwiri, ā, ko te hau whakauru ka whakahaeretia anake e te whakatuwheratanga me te katinga o te takirere whakahaere. Ina huri te rotor, ko te wāhi awaawa niho o ngā rotor matua me ngā rotor āwhina te mea nui rawa atu ina tae ki te whakatuwheratanga o te pakitara pito whakauru. Ka pau katoa te hau, ā, ina mutu te putanga hau, kei roto te awaawa niho i te āhua korehau. Ina tahuri ki te tomokanga hau, ka momihia te hau o waho ka rere ki roto i te awaawa niho o ngā rotor matua me ngā rotor āwhina i te taha tuaka. Whakamaharatanga tiaki pēhi hau tīwiri Ina whakakīia te awaawa niho katoa e te hau, ka tahuri te mata pito o te taha whakauru o te rotor mai i te tomokanga hau o te anga, ā, ka hiritia te hau i waenganui i ngā awaawa niho.
2. Te tukanga kati me te kawe:
Ina manawahia ngā rotor matua me ngā rotor āwhina, ka hiritia ngā tihi niho o ngā rotor matua me ngā rotor āwhina ki te anga, ā, ka hiritia te hau ki roto i ngā awaawa niho, ā, kāore e rere ki waho, arā, [te tukanga hiri]. Ka huri tonu ngā rotor e rua, ā, ka ōrite ngā tihi niho me ngā awaawa niho i te pito momi, ā, ka neke haere ngā mata ōrite ki te pito putanga hau.
3. Te tukanga kōpeketanga me te werohanga wahie:
I te wā e kawe ana, ka neke haere te mata whatunga ki te pito o te putanga hau, arā, ka heke haere te awaawa niho i waenganui i te mata whatunga me te putanga putanga hau, ka pēhia haere te hau i roto i te awaawa niho, ā, ka piki ake te pēhanga, koinei te [tukanga pēhi]. I te wā e pēhia ana, ka rehuhia hoki te hinu whakahinuhinu ki roto i te rūma pēhi nā te rerekētanga o te pēhanga kia uru ki te hau o te rūma.
4. Tukanga whakaputa hau:
Ina tahuri te mata o te pito whatunga o te rotor ki te whakawhitiwhiti ki te putanga hau o te anga (ko te pēhanga o te hau kua kōpeketia te mea teitei rawa atu i tēnei wā), ka tīmata te tukunga o te hau kua kōpeketia kia tae rā anō ki te mata whatunga o te tihi niho me te neke o te awaawa niho ki te putanga hau. I tēnei wā, ko te āputa i waenganui i te mata whatunga o ngā rotor e rua me te putanga hau o te anga he kore, arā, kua oti te tukanga putanga hau. I taua wā anō, ka eke te roa o te awaawa niho i waenganui i te mata whatunga o ngā rotor me te putanga hau o te anga ki te mōrahi. I te roa, ka haere tonu tana tukanga manawa.
1. Pūhiko tīwiri kua kati katoa
He hanganga rino maka kounga teitei, iti te porosity o te tinana, he iti te whakarerekētanga wera; he hanganga pakitara rua te tinana me ngā awa whakaputanga hau i roto, he kaha teitei, he pai te whakaiti i te haruru; he taurite te kaha o roto, o waho hoki o te tinana, kāore he tuwhera, he āpiti-katia rānei. Ātete atu ki te mōrearea o te pēhanga teitei; he hanganga maitai te anga, he kaha teitei, he ātaahua te āhua, he māmā hoki. He hanganga poutū te whakamahi, he iti te wāhi e nohoia ana e te pūwero, he pai ki te whakaritenga maha-upoko o te pouaka whakamatao; ka rumakina te peera o raro ki roto i te tāke hinu, ā, he pai te hinu whakahinuhinu o te peera; ka whakaitihia te kaha tuaka o te rotor mā te 50% ki te momo āpiti-katia me te tuwhera (te mahi taurite o te rakau motuka i te taha whakaputanga); kāore he mōrearea o te cantilever motuka whakapae, he tino pono; karohia te awe o te rotor tīwiri, te takirere reti, te taumaha-ake o te rotor motuka ki te tika o te taurite, whakapai ake i te pono; he pai te tukanga huihuinga. He hoahoa poutū tīwiri papu kore-hinu, kia kore ai he korenga hinu i te wā e oma ana, e kati ana rānei te pūwero. Ka rumakina te peera o raro ki roto i te tāke hinu katoa, ā, ka whakamahia e te peera o runga te hinu pēhanga rerekē; he iti te hiahia mō te pēhanga rerekē o te pūnaha, ā, he mahi tiaki hinu peera i roto i te āhuatanga ohorere, kia kore ai e whakahinuhinu te peera, he mea pai mō te tīmatanga o te waeine i ngā wā whakawhiti.
Ngā Huakore: ka whakamahia te whakamatao o te hauhautanga, ā, kei te putanga hauhautanga te motuka, ka ngāwari pea te tahu o te koiri motuka; hei tāpiri, kāore e taea te whakakore i te wā tika ina puta he hapa.
2. Pūhiko tīwiri haurua-herekore
Ka whakamataohia te motuka e te rehu wai, he iti te pāmahana mahi o te motuka, ā, he roa te roa o te mahi; ka whakamahia e te compressor tuwhera he motuka hau-whakamatao, he teitei te pāmahana mahi o te motuka, ka pā ki te roa o te ora o te motuka, ā, he ngoikore te taiao mahi o te rūma mīhini; ka whakamataohia te motuka e te hau putanga, he tino teitei te pāmahana mahi o te motuka, ā, he poto te roa o te ora o te motuka. I te nuinga o te wā, he nui te rahinga o te wehewehe hinu o waho, engari he tino teitei tōna pai; ka honoa te wehewehe hinu kua hangaia ki te compressor, ā, he iti tōna rahinga, nō reira he ngoikore te pānga. Ka taea e te pānga wehenga hinu o te wehenga hinu tuarua te eke ki te 99.999%, ka taea te whakarite i te hinu pai o te compressor i raro i ngā tikanga mahi rerekē.
Heoi, ka tere ake te tuku taputapu i te pūwero tīwiri haurua-herekore, he tere (tata ki te 12,000 rpm), he nui te pakaru, ā, he ngoikore te pono.
3. Whakatuwheratia te pūwhakapūnga tīwiri
Ko ngā painga o te taputapu tuwhera ko:
1) Kua wehea te pūwero mai i te motuka, kia taea ai te whakamahi i te pūwero ki tētahi whānuitanga whānui;
2) Ka taea te whakamahi i te pūwhakakoi kotahi me ngā momo hauhautanga rerekē. Haunga te whakamahi i ngā hauhautanga hauwai halogenated, ka taea hoki te whakamahi i te haukini hei hauhautanga mā te whakarerekē i ngā rauemi o ētahi wāhanga;
3) Ka taea te whakarite i ngā mōtini me ngā kaha rerekē kia rite ki ngā momo hauhautanga me ngā tikanga whakahaere.
4) Ka wehea hoki te momo tuwhera ki te tīwiri kotahi me te tīwiri takirua
Ko te pūwero tīwiri kotahi he tīwiri porotaka me ngā wira whetu papatahi e rua e rite ana te āhua, e tāutahia ana ki roto i te anga. Ko te awaawa tīwiri, te pakitara o roto o te anga (puoto) me ngā niho taputapu whetu ka hanga he rōrahi kati. Ka tukuna te mana ki te pou tīwiri, ā, ka peia te wira whetu e te tīwiri kia huri. Ka tomo te hau (wai mahi) ki te awaawa tīwiri mai i te rūma momi, ā, ka tukuna mā te putanga hau me te rūma hau i muri i te pēhitanga. Ko te mahi a te wira whetu he rite ki te piston o te pūwero piston tauutuutu. Ina neke haere ngā niho o te wira whetu i roto i te awaawa tīwiri, ka heke haere te rōrahi kati, ā, ka pēhi te hau.
Te mātāpono mahi o te pūwero tīwiri me te whakatairite i ngā momo kua kati katoa, ngā momo haurua-herekore me ngā momo tuwhera
E ono ngā awaawa o te tīwiri o te pūwhakakoi tīwiri-kotahi, ā, e 11 ngā niho o te wira whetu, he rite ki te 6 ngā rango. Ka hono ngā wira whetu e rua ki ngā awaawa o te tīwiri i te wā kotahi. Nō reira, ko ia hurihanga o te tīwiri he rite ki te 12 ngā rango e mahi ana.
E mōhio ana tātou katoa, ko ngā pūwero tīwiri (tae atu ki ngā tīwiri takirua me ngā tīwiri kotahi) te nuinga o ngā pūwero hurihuri. Mai i te tirohanga a te mākete o te ao, i roto i ngā tau 20 mai i te tau 1963 ki te tau 1983, ko te tere tipu ā-tau o ngā hoko pūwero tīwiri i te ao he 30%. I tēnei wā, e 80% o ngā pūwero kaha-waenga i Hapani, i Ūropi me te Hononga o Amerika he pūwero tīwiri takirua. Hei pūwero tīwiri kotahi me ngā pūwero tīwiri takirua i roto i te awhe mahi kotahi, ki te whakatauritea, e neke atu i te 80% o te mākete pūwero tīwiri katoa he pūwero tīwiri takirua nā te pai o te hangarau tukatuka me te pono. He iti iho i te 20% ngā pūwero tīwiri. Anei tētahi whakatauritenga poto o ngā pūwero e rua.
1. Hanganga
Ko te tīwiri me te wira whetu o te pūwero tīwiri kotahi he takirua noke porowhita, ā, me pupuri poutū te kakau tīwiri me te kakau wira whetu i te wāhi; he rite te hurihanga wahine me te hurihanga tāne o te pūwero tīwiri takirua ki te takirua takirua taputapu, ā, ka pupuri whakarara ngā kakau hurihanga tāne me te hurihanga wahine. . I runga i te hanganga, he uaua ki te kī taurangi te tika o te mahi tahi i waenga i te tīwiri me te wira whetu o te pūwero tīwiri kotahi, nō reira he iti ake te pono o te mīhini katoa i tērā o te tīwiri takirua.
2. Aratau taraiwa
Ka taea te hono tika i ngā momo pūwero e rua ki te motuka, te taraiwa rānei mā te pūwero whitiki. Ina tere te pūwero takirua-hurihuri, me whakanui ake te taputapu tere.
3. Tikanga whakarerekētanga kaha whakamatao
He rite tonu ngā tikanga whakatikatika i te rōrahi hau o ngā pūwero e rua, ka taea e rāua te whakamahi i te whakatikatika tonu o te takirere reti, te whakatikatika rānei i te pūwero i ia taahiraa. Ina whakamahia te takirere reti hei whakatikatika, me kotahi te takirere reti mō te pūwero tīwiri-rua, ko te pūwero tīwiri-kotahi ia me rua ngā takirere reti i te wā kotahi, nō reira ka uaua te hanganga, ka heke te pono.
4. Te utu hanga
Pūwero tīwiri-kotahi: Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā peera noa mō ngā peera tīwiri me ngā peera wira whetu, ā, he iti noa te utu hanga.
Pūwero takirua-hurihuri: Nā te nui o te kawenga i runga i ngā hurihuri takirua-hurihuri, me whakamahi ngā peera tino tika, ā, he nui te utu hanga.
5. Te Pono
Pūwero tīwiri-kotahi: He wāhanga ngoikore te wira whetu o te pūwero tīwiri-kotahi. Haunga ngā whakaritenga teitei mō ngā rauemi o te wira whetu, me whakakapi tonu te wira whetu.
Pūwero tīwiri-rua: Kāore he wāhanga e mau ana i roto i te pūwero tīwiri-rua, ā, ka taea e te wā oma kore raruraru te eke ki te 40,000 ki te 80,000 hāora.
6. Te huihuinga me te tiaki
I te mea me pupuri te poutū o te rakau tīwiri me te rakau wira whetu o te pūwero tīwiri kotahi i te wāhi poutū, he tino teitei ngā whakaritenga mō te tika o te tūranga tuaka me te radial, nō reira he iti ake te ngāwari o te huihuinga me te tiaki o te pūwero tīwiri kotahi i tērā o te pūwero tīwiri takirua.
Ko ngā ngoikoretanga matua o te wae tuwhera ko:
(1) He ngāwari te turuturu o te hiri o te pou, ā, he mea tiaki tonu tēnei e ngā kaiwhakamahi;
(2) Ka huri te motuka kua rite ki te tere teitei, he nui te haruru o te rere o te hau, ā, he nui hoki te haruru o te pūwero, ka pā ki te taiao;
(3) Me whirihora ngā wāhanga uaua o te pūnaha hinu pēnei i ngā wehewehe hinu motuhake me ngā whakamatao hinu, ā, he nui rawa te waeine, ā, he uaua ki te whakamahi me te tiaki.
Whā, toru-tīwiri compressor
Ko te hanganga āhuahanga ahurei o te rotor-toru e whakatau ana he iti ake te tere turuturu i te pūwero rotor-rua; ka taea e te pūwero tīwiri rotor-toru te whakaiti i te kawenga ki runga i te peera; mā te whakaiti i te kawenga peera ka nui ake te horahanga putanga, ka whakapai ake i te whai huatanga; he mea tino nui te whakaiti i te turuturu o te waeine i raro i tetahi āhuatanga kawenga, inā koa ka whakahaerehia i raro i te āhuatanga kawenga wāhanga, ka nui ake te pānga.
Whakahaere-ā-unoa i te kawenga: Ina huri te pūnaha, ka tere te urupare a te pūoko, ā, ka mahi te kaiwhakahaere i ngā tātaitanga e pā ana, kia tere ai, kia tika ai hoki te whakahaere-ā-unoa; kāore te whakahaere-ā-unoa e herea ana e ngā kaiwhakaoho, ngā ara ārahi, ngā takirere solenoid me ngā takirere reti, ā, ka taea te mahi tika, tere me te pono.
Te wā tuku: Hui-tanguru 10-2023
