Te Whakatio: Ko te tukanga whakamahi i te pūtake pāmahana iti i puta mai i te pouaka whakamātao hei whakamatao i te hua mai i te pāmahana noa, kātahi ka whakatio.
Te Whakamatao: Ko te tukanga whakahaere o te tiki i tētahi pūtake pāmahana iti mā te whakamahi i te whakarerekētanga o te āhua ā-tinana o te hauhautanga hei tiki i tētahi pūtake pāmahana iti mā te pānga whakamatao.
Ngā momo taputapu whakamatao: te whakaputa pūtake matao (pouaka whakamātao), te tio rauemi, te whakamatao.
Tikanga whakamatao: momo piston, momo tīwiri, waeine pūwero whakamatao torengi, waeine whakamatao mimiti, waeine whakamatao jet mamaoa me te hauota wai.
Tikanga tio: whakamataohia e te hau, rumakina ki roto i te ngongo whakarewa, te taputapu whakamatao whakawhiti wera e pa ana ki te pakitara me te rauemi.
tono:
1. Te kawe kai i roto i te tio, i te pouaka whakamātao, me te tio.
2. Te whakamatao, te whakamātao, te rokiroki me te kawe i ngā hua ahuwhenua me ngā kai mā te hauhautanga.
3. Te tukatuka kai, pērā i te whakamaroke tio, te kukū tio me te whakamatao rauemi.
4. Te hauhautanga i roto i ngā whare tukatuka kai.
Te kaupapa o te huringa whakamatao
Ngā taputapu matua: te pūwhakamātao, te pūwhakamātao, te takirere whakawhānui, te pūwhakarewa.
Te kaupapa o te huringa whakamatao: Ka mimiti te hau whakamatao i te wera, ka tae ki tōna pāmahana wai iti, pēhanga iti, kātahi ka mimiti hei mamaoa pāmahana iti, pēhanga iti. I raro i te mahi a te pūwhakakoi, ka mimiti te hau whakamatao hei hau pāmahana teitei, pēhanga teitei, ā, ka whakapūmau te pāmahana teitei, pēhanga teitei, hei wai pēhanga teitei. I muri i te takirere whānui, ka huri hei wai pāmahana iti, pēhanga iti, ka mimiti i te wera, ka mimiti anō hei hanga i te huringa whakamatao o te pouaka whakamātao.
Ngā Ariā me ngā Mātāpono Taketake
Te kaha whakamatao: I raro i ētahi āhuatanga mahi (arā, te pāmahana mimiti o te hau whakamatao, te pāmahana hauhautanga, te pāmahana whakamatao iti), ko te nui o te wera ka tangohia e te hau whakamatao mai i te mea tio i ia wā. E mōhiotia ana hoki ko te kaha whakamatao o te hau whakamatao. I raro i ngā āhuatanga ōrite, ko te kaha whakamatao o taua hau whakamatao e pā ana ki te rahi, te tere me te whai huatanga o te compressor.
Whakamatao tika: I roto i te huringa whakamatao, ki te mimiti te hauhautanga i te wera, ka whakawhiti tika te wera o te pūwero ki te mea e whakamataohia ana, ki te taiao rānei e karapoti ana i te mea e whakamataohia ana. Ko te tikanga ka whakamahia i roto i te taputapu whakamatao kotahi e hiahia ana ki te whakamatao ahumahi, pērā i ngā pouaka tio aihikirīmi, ngā wāhi rokiroki makariri iti me ngā pouaka whakamātao o te whare.
Pūmahana Whakamatao: Ko te matū mahi e rere tonu ana i roto i te pūrere whakamatao hei whakatutuki i te whakamatao. Ka whakatutukihia e te pūrere whakamatao kōpeketanga mamaoa te whakawhiti wera mā te whakarerekētanga o te āhua o te pūmahana whakamatao. He rauemi tino nui te pūmahana whakamatao hei whakatutuki i te whakamatao horihori.
Ngā hauhautanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana
Ngā matū whakamatao e whakamahia whānuitia ana: te hau, te wai, te tote me te wai whakapūkara.
Ngā paearu whiriwhiri: iti te ira tio, nui te kaha wera motuhake, kāore he waikura whakarewa, pumau matū, utu iti me te ngāwari o te wātea.
Ahakoa he maha ngā painga o te hau hei hau whakamatao, ka whakamahia anake i te āhua o te pā tika atu ki te kai i roto i te pouaka whakamātao, i te tukatuka tio rānei o ngā kai nā te mea he iti tōna kaha wera motuhake, ā, he ngoikore hoki te pānga whakawhiti wera kawe ina whakamahia hei āhua hau.
He nui te wera motuhake o te wai, engari he teitei te ira tio, nō reira ka taea anake te whakamahi hei pouaka whakamātao mō te whakarite i te kaha whakamatao i runga ake i te 0 °C. Mēnā me whakarite te kaha whakamatao i raro iho i te 0°C, ka whakamahia te tote tote, te wai rauropi rānei hei pouaka whakamātao.
Ko ngā wairewa wai o te konutai pūhaumāota, te konupūmā pūhaumāota me te konupora pūhaumāota e kiia ana ko te wai tote tio. Ko te wai tote tio e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te umanga kai ko te wairewa wai konutai pūhaumāota. I roto i ngā wai whakamatao wai koiora, ko ngā wai whakamatao e rua e tino kitea ana ko te wairewa wai o te ethylene glycol me te propylene glycol.
Ko te taputapu matua o ngā taputapu whakamatao kōpeketanga piston
Mahi: Hei pēhi i te hauhautanga kia mahi, kia whiwhi pūngao, kātahi ka whakawhāiti, ka whakawhanui hei hanga i tētahi pūtake matao ka taea te mimiti i te wera.
Ko te tikanga whakaatu i te tauira: te maha o ngā rango, te momo hauhautanga i whakamahia, te momo whakaritenga rango, me te diameter o te rango.
Te Hanganga: Poraka rango, rango, piston, tokotoko hono, porowhita, pouaka rango, takirere whakauru me te putanga hau, taupoki rūpahu, me ētahi atu.
Te tukanga mahi: Ina neke te piston ki runga, ka whakatuwheratia te takirere momi, ā, ka tomo te kohu hauhautanga ki te rango i te taha o runga o te piston mā te takirere momi. Ina neke te piston ki runga, ka kati te takirere momi, ka haere tonu te piston ki runga, ā, ka pēhia te hauhautanga i roto i te rango, ina tae te pēhanga hau ki tētahi taumata, ka whakatuwheratia te takirere putanga o te taupoki rūpahu, ā, ka tukuna te kohu hauhautanga mai i te rango ka pēhia ki roto i te paipa pēhanga teitei.
Ngā Āhuatanga: He hanganga māmā, he ngāwari ki te hanga, he kaha te urutau, he pumau te mahi me te watea o te tiaki.
whakapūmau
Mahi: te whakawhiti wera, e whakakōpikopiko ana i te kohu wera rawa o te hauhautanga hei wai mā te whakamatao me te whakamātao.
Momo: anga me te ngongo whakapae, anga me te ngongo poutū, rehu wai, mimiti, whakamatao hau
Te tukanga mahi: Ka tomo te kohu hauhautanga wera rawa ki te pūwhakamātao mai i te taha o runga o te anga ka pa ki te mata matao o te ngongo, kātahi ka whakamātao hei kiriata wai i runga. I raro i te mahi a te kaha ā-papa, ka paheke te waihautanga i te pakitara o te ngongo ka wehe atu i te pakitara o te ngongo.
Ko te pūwhakarewa wai he mea hanga ki tētahi puna wai, he paipa whakamatao, me tētahi tāke tohatoha wai.
Te tukanga mahi: Ka tomo te wai whakamatao ki te tāke tohatoha wai mai i runga, ka rere ki te mata o waho o te ngongo koiri mā te tāke tohatoha wai. Ka mimiti tetahi wāhanga o te wai, ā, ka taka te toenga ki roto i te puna wai. Ka tomo te raro o te paipa huna i raro i te rarangi ki te paipa, ā, ina piki ake i te paipa, ka whakamataohia, ka whakakōpikopikohia, ka rere ki roto i te puna wai.
takirere whānui
Mahi: whakaiti i te pēhanga o te hauhautanga me te whakahaere i te rere o te hauhautanga. Ina haere te hauhautanga wai pēhanga teitei mā te takirere whānui, ka heke tere te pēhanga whakatōtō ki te pēhanga mimiti, ā, i te wā kotahi, ka kohuatia te hauhautanga wai ka mimiti i te wera, ā, ka heke tōna pāmahana.
Takirere whakawhanui wera: Ka whakamahia te taumata wera nui o te mamaoa i te putanga o te evaporator hei whakarite i te hauhautanga. I raro i ngā tikanga mahi noa o te waeine pouaka whakamātao, ko te pēhanga toto o te wāhanga tuku he ōrite ki te tapeke o te pēhanga hau i raro i te diaphragm me te pēhanga puna, ā, kei roto i te āhua taurite. Ki te kore e ranea te tuku o te hauhautanga ka hoki mai te mamaoa i te putanga o te evaporator, ka piki ake te taumata wera nui, ka piki ake te pāmahana o te pūoko pāmahana, ka neke te diaphragm ki raro, ā, ka piki ake te whakatuwheratanga o te putanga kia ōrite te nui o te wai e tukuna ana ki te nui o te mimiti, kātahi ka piki ake te pāmahana o te pūoko pāmahana. Kia taurite. Nō reira, ka taea e te takirere whakawhanui wera te whakarite aunoa i te taumata whakatuwheratanga o te takirere, ā, ka taea e te rōrahi tuku wai te whakanui ake, te whakaiti rānei aunoa me te kawenga, ka taea ai te whakarite kia tino whakamahia te wāhi whakamahana o te evaporator.
Pūwhakapūhau
Mahi: Ka mimiti te hauhautanga i te wera o te wai whakamatao.
Whakarōpūtanga: E ai ki te āhua o te reo whakamatao, e toru ngā wāhanga.
1. Pūwero hei whakamatao i te hauhautanga wai: pērā i te hauhautanga wai, te hauhautanga tote, me ētahi atu. Ka mimiti te hauhautanga i te wera i waho o te ngongo, ā, ka huri te hauhautanga wai i roto i te ngongo mā te papu wai. E ai ki te hanganga, ka wehea ki te momo ngongo whakapae, te momo ngongo poutū, te momo ngongo porowhita me te momo koiri.
2. Te whakapūngao hei whakamatao i te hau: ka mimiti te hau mātao i roto i te ngongo, ka rere te hau ki waho, ā, nō te kawe hau taiao te rere o te hau
3. Whakapā atu ki te pūwero whakamatao hei whakamatao i te rauemi tio: Ka mimiti te hauhautanga i tetahi taha o te ārai whakawhiti wera, ā, kei te pā tika te taha kē atu o te ārai ki te rauemi kua whakamatao, kua tio rānei.
Ngā Āhuatanga: he pai te whakawhiti wera, he māmā te hanganga, he iti te tapuwae, ā, he iti ake te waikura ki ngā taputapu nā te pūnaha tohanga hauhautanga kua hiritia.
Huakore: Ina mutu te papu tote nā te kore mahi tika, ka huka pea, ka pakaru te tautau ngongo.
paipa whakamatao
Paipa whakamatao poutū
Ngā Painga: I muri i te mimiti o te hau mātao, he ngāwari te tuku atu, ā, he pai te whakawhiti wera, engari ina teitei te paipa putanga, ka teitei te pāmahana mimiti o te hau mātao iti iho nā te pēhanga pūmau o te pou wai.
Paipa pakitara momo koiri rarangi kotahi:
Ngā Painga: He iti te nui o te hauhautanga kua whakakīia, tata ki te 50% o te rōrahi o te paipa putanga hau, engari kāore e tere te tukuna o te hauhautanga i waho o te paipa i muri i te mimiti, ka whakaiti i te pānga whakawhiti wera.
Ngongo piko:
Ngā Painga: he nui te wāhi marara wera.
Ngā taputapu āwhina mō ngā taputapu whakamatao kōpeketanga piston
wehewehe hinu
Mahi: Hei wehe i te hinu whakahinuhinu kei roto i te wai me te hau kua kōpeketia hei ārai i te hinu whakahinuhinu kei uru ki te pūwhakamātao, ā, ka kino haere ngā āhuatanga whakawhiti wera.
Mātāpono mahi: Mā te whakanui ake i te diameter o te paipa ka whakaitihia te tere rere mā te whakanui ake i te diameter o te paipa, ā, ka whakarerekētia te ahunga rere o te hauhau; mā te kaha porotītaha rānei, ka tau ngā pata hinu ki te pāmahana o te hauhau. Mō te hinu whakahinuhinu i te āhua mamaoa, ka whakaitihia te pāmahana mamaoa mā te horoi, mā te whakamatao rānei, kia whakapūmau hei pata hinu, ka wehea. Ka whakamataohia te wehewehe hinu momo tātari e te Freon.
Ko te mahi a te kaikohi hinu: ka kohia te hauhautanga me te ranunga hinu kua wehea mai i te wehewehe hinu, te whakapūmau me ētahi atu taputapu o te pūnaha whakamatao, kātahi ka wehea te hinu mai i te hauhautanga whakaranu i raro i te pēhanga iti, kātahi ka tukuna motuhaketia. Hei whakarite i te haumaru o te tukunga hinu, ka whakaitihia e te hinu te ngaronga o te hauhautanga.
Ko te mahi a te pūwhakapū wai he penapena me te whakarite i te hauhautanga wai e tukuna ana ki ia wāhanga o te pūnaha whakamatao kia tutuki ai te mahi haumaru o te tuku wai o ngā taputapu. Kua wehea te pūwhakapū wai ki te pēhanga teitei, te pēhanga iti, te oko waikeri me te oko rokiroki wai e rere ana.
Ko te mahi a te wehewehe hau-wai: wehea te hauhautanga mai i te evaporator hei aukati i te wai hauhautanga kia kaua e uru ki te compressor me te patuki i te rango; wehea te mamaoa koretake i roto i te wai haukini iti-pēhanga i muri i te whakakorikori hei whakapai ake i te pānga whakawhiti wera o te evaporator.
Ko te mahi a te wehewehe hau: ki te wehe me te tuku i te hau kore-whakapūpū i roto i te pūnaha kia pai ai te mahi a te pūnaha pouaka whakamātao.
Ko te mahi a te intercooler: i whakauruhia ki roto i te pūnaha pouaka whakamātao kōpeketanga e rua-wāhanga (maha-wāhanga rānei) hei whakamatao i te hau wera nui i tukuna mai i te kōpeketanga wāhanga pēhanga iti hei whakamatao i waenga-wāhanga hei whakarite i te mahi noa o te compressor wāhanga pēhanga teitei; mā te hinu whakahinuhinu i whakauruhia me te refrigerant whakamatao ka nui ake te whakamatao o te refrigerant.
Rokiroki matao
Whakarōpūtanga:
Rokiroki matao nui (neke atu i te 5000t); rokiroki matao waenga (1500 ~ 5000t); rokiroki matao iti (i raro iho i te 1500t).
E ai ki ngā whakaritenga whakamahinga:
Te rokiroki makariri i te pāmahana teitei: ko te nuinga o ngā hua, huawhenua, hua manu hou me ētahi atu kai ka rongoa ki roto i te pouaka whakamātao, ko te pāmahana rokiroki whānui he 4 ~ -2 ℃;
Te rokiroki makariri i te pāmahana iti: ko te nuinga o te mīti tio me te tio, ngā hua wai, me ētahi atu, ko te pāmahana rokiroki whānui ko -18 ~ -30 ℃;
Whare putunga hauhautanga: penapena raihi, nūru, rongoā, waina, me ētahi atu. I raro i ngā āhuatanga pāmahana noa, ko te pāmahana whānui o te whare putunga he 10 ~ 15 ℃.
Taputapu tio tere: He pai mō te tio i ngā rauemi mata iti kua takaihia, kua kore rānei e takaihia pērā i ngā poraka, ngā poro, me ngā kirikiri hei hanga i ngā momo kai tio tere katoa pērā i ngā kararehe, ngā hua wai, ngā huawhenua, me ngā tāmi. Te pāmahana tio -30 ~ 40 ℃.
Pouaka tio tere momo-pouaka: He maha ngā pereti papatahi nekeneke me ngā paparanga i roto i te pouaka kua takaihia ki te rauemi whakamahana. Kua tāutahia ngā koiri mimiti ki roto i te paparanga, ā, ka taea hoki te ringihia te wai tote ki waenganui i ngā ngongo, ā, ka rere te hauhautanga mā roto i ngā koiri mimiti; ka whakatakotoria ngā hua tio tere ki waenganui i ngā pereti, ā, ka nekehia ngā pereti hei pēhi i ngā rauemi kia tio.
Mīhini tio tere momo kauhanga: Kei roto ko te tinana kauhanga, te mīhini whakapūngao, te pā, te whatanga rauemi, te kupenga tuku kowiri tira rānei. Ka haere tuatahi te rauemi mā te whitiki mata tuatahi, ka tere ake te oma, ā, ka angiangi ake te paparanga rauemi, kia tio ai te mata; ko te whitiki mata tuarua, he puhoi ake te oma, ā, he matotoru ake te paparanga rauemi, ka tio i te rauemi katoa kia puta he hua tio tere kotahi-karauna.
Pouaka tio rumaki: Ka pā tika te rauemi tio ki te hau wai, ki te hau whakamatao wai rānei he tino iti te pāmahana hei hanga i tētahi hua tio tere. Ka haere te kai i roto i te wāhi whakamatao-mua, te wāhi tio me te wāhi toharite pāmahana. Ka rongoa te hauota wai i waho o te kauhanga ka whakaurua ki roto i te wāhi tio i raro i tētahi pēhanga hei rehu, hei tio rumaki rānei. Ko te hauota i hangaia i muri i te mimiti o te hauota wai i te wera kei te pāmahana tino iti tonu, -10 ki te -5 °C, ā, ka tukuna ki roto i te kauhanga e te hau. Whakatio-mua i te wāhanga o mua. I roto i te rohe tio, ka tio tere te kai mā te pā ki te hauota wai i te -200°C.
Ngā taputapu whakamatao hauhautanga
Te whakamatao ā-haurangi whakahaere: Mā te whakakotahi i te whakamatao me te rokiroki ā-haurangi whakahaere, ka taea te whakahaere i te pāmahana rokiroki me te hanganga hau, kia whakamahia ai te nui o te hāora me te hauhā waro i roto i te whare putunga hei rokiroki i ngā hua me ngā huawhenua, ā, kia pai ai te tiaki.
He iti noa te ngaronga o ngā hua i te wā e rongoatia ana. E ai ki ngā tatauranga, ko te auau ngaronga o ngā hua rokiroki matao he 21.3%, ko te auau ngaronga ia o ngā hua rokiroki matao hauhautanga he 4.8%.
Wā tuku: Hanuere-26-2022
