tiaki whakatūpato
Me whakarato i ngā taputapu tiaki whaiaro pēnei i ngā karapu, ngā mōhiti, me ngā hū i te wā e whakamahi ana i tēnei taputapu.
Me mahi ngā ratonga tāutanga, whakaūnga, whakamātautau, whakaweto me te tiaki e ngā kaimahi whai mātauranga (ngā miihini whakamātao, ngā kaimahi hiko rānei) e whai mātauranga me ngā wheako nui ana ki tēnei momo taputapu. Ko te kawenga a te kiritaki te whakarato i ngā kaimahi whakahaere hei whakahaere i te mahi.
Tērā pea ka whakakīia ngā taputapu katoa ki te hau maroke pēhanga teitei, ki te hauota rānei. Kia tino tukuna te hau kua pēhia kia matara atu i mua i te tāutanga, i te tīmatanga rānei o ngā taputapu.
Kaua e pā ki ngā taha o te pepa whakarewa me ngā tara o te koiri, nā te mea ka whara pea te tangata i ngā taha koi.
Ka pāngia pea koe e te manawa, te pā rānei ki te kiri o te hauhautanga, he matū whakahaeretia te hauhautanga e whakamahia ana i roto i tēnei taputapu, ā, me whakamahi me te hangarua me te whai whakaaro nui. He ture kore te tuku i te hauhautanga ki te taiao huri noa. Kia tino tupato te whakahaere i te hauhautanga, ki te kore, ka whara te tangata, ka mate rānei koe.
Me momotu te hiko i mua i te tīmatanga o tētahi ratonga, mahi hiko rānei.
Āta karohia te pā atu ki ngā paipa hauhautanga me ngā mata whakawhiti wera i te wā e whakamahia ana te taputapu. Ka taea e ngā mata wera, matao rānei te kino ki tō kiri.
Ngā Tikanga Hoahoa Paerewa
Kua hangaia te mīhini whakapūmahana pāmahana waenga me te pāmahana momi kukū o te 0°C me te rerekētanga pāmahana o te 8K. He pai mō ngā pouaka whakamātao arumoni me te pāmahana rūma mai i te -6°C ki te 20°C. Me whakamahi anō i ngā tikanga whakarewa ina kei raro iho te pāmahana rūma i te 2°C. Ko ngā pouaka whakamātao e taunakitia ana mō tēnei mīhini whakapūmahana ko te R507/R404A me te R22.
Kua hangaia te mīhini whakapūmahana iti-mahana me te pāmahana momi kukū o te -25°C me te rerekētanga pāmahana o te 7K. He pai mō te rokiroki makariri arumoni me te pāmahana rūma mai i te -6°C ki te -32°C. Ko ngā hauhautanga e taunakitia ana mō tēnei mīhini whakapūmahana ko te R507/R404A me te R22.
Kāore e taea e ēnei pūwhakamahana paerewa te whakamahi i te haukini (NH3) hei whakamatao.
Tauwāhi tāutanga kua tūtohutia
Ko ngā ture whakarite mō te whakapūngao e whai ake nei:
Me kapi te hau i te rūma katoa, i te wāhi whai hua rānei.
Kāore e whakaaetia te tāuta i te mīhini whakapūngao ki te tihi o te tatau.
Kaua te whakatakotoranga o ngā arawhata me ngā whata e aukati i ngā ara rere o te hau tuku me te hau hoki mai o te mīhini whakapūhau.
Me whakapoto te tawhiti o ngā paipa mai i te evaporator ki te compressor.
Kia poto te tawhiti o te paipa ki te waikeri.
Te āputa iti rawa e whakaaetia ana mō te whakairinga:
S1 – Ko te tawhiti i waenga i te pakitara me te taha hau o te koiri he 500mm te iti rawa.
S2 – Kia māmā ake te tiaki, me 400mm te iti rawa te tawhiti mai i te pakitara ki te pereti pito.
Ngā Tuhipoka Tāutanga
1. Te tango i te takai:
I te wā e wetewete ana i ngā taonga, tirohia ngā taputapu me ngā rauemi tākai mō ngā pakaru, ka pā pea te kino ki te mahi. Mena he wāhanga pakaru e kitea ana, whakapā atu ki te kaiwhakarato i te wā tika.
2. Te tāutanga taputapu:
Ka taea te whakau i ēnei pūwero ki ngā pūtu me ngā nati. I te nuinga o te wā, ka taea e te pūtu me te nati 5/16 te pupuri i te 110Kg (250lb) te taumaha, ā, ka taea e te pūtu 3/8 te pupuri i te 270Kg (600lb). Ahakoa rā, ko te kawenga a te kaiwhakauru kia whakarite kia tāutahia te pūwero ki te wāhi kua tohua me te haumaru, me te ngaio hoki.
Whakawetohia te pūwero, ā, waiho he wāhi nui mai i te pereti o runga ki te tuanui kia māmā ai te horoi.
Whakanohoia te mīhini whakapūkara ki runga i te tuanui kia tika, ka hiritia te āputa i waenga i te tuanui me te tihi o te mīhini whakapūkara ki te hiri kai.
Me ngaio te tāutanga o te pūwero, ā, me tika te wāhi hei whakarite kia taea te tuku pai i te wai kua whakakōkīhia mai i te pūwero. Me nui te kaha o te tautoko ki te pikau i te taumaha o te pūwero tonu, te taumaha o te hauhautanga kua utaina, me te taumaha o te hukapapa kua tau ki te mata o te koiri. Ki te taea, me whakamahi he taputapu hiki hei hiki i te tuanui.
3. Paipa whakaheke wai:
Me whakaū mai mēnā kei te tutuki te tāutanga o te paipa waikeri ki te HACCP o te kai me ngā ture haumaru e pā ana. Ka taea te whakamahi i te paipa parahi, te paipa kowiri tira, te paipa PVC rānei hei rauemi, e ai ki te kaihoko. Mō ngā whakamahinga pāmahana iti, me whakamahi waea whakamahana me te whakamahana hei ārai i te hukapapa o te paipa waikeri. E taunakihia ana kia tāuta tika ngā paipa waikeri i ia 1m o te pari 300mm. Kia rite te rahi o te paipa waikeri ki te hononga ipu waikeri whakamomona. Me tāuta ngā paipa waikeri waikeri katoa ki ngā piko āhua-U hei ārai i te hau me ngā haunga o waho kei uru ki te rokiroki makariri. Kāore rawa e whakaaetia kia hono tika ki te pūnaha para. Me whakatakoto ngā piko-U katoa ki waho hei ārai i te hukapapa. E taunakihia ana kia poto te roa o te paipa waikeri i roto i te rokiroki makariri.
4. Te wehewehe me te pūwero hauhautanga:
Hei whakarite i te hua whakamatao pai rawa atu o te evaporator, me tāuta poutū te wehewehe wai kia ōrite ai te tohatoha o te refrigerant ki ia ara iahiko pouaka whakamātao.
5. Takirere whakawhanui wera, kete pūoko pāmahana me te paipa taurite o waho:
Hei whakatutuki i te pānga whakamatao pai rawa atu, me tāuta te takirere whakawhānui wera kia tata ki te wehewehe wai.
Whakatakotoria te pūangi takirere whakawhanui wera ki te tūranga whakapae o te paipa momi, kia tata ki te pane momi. Kia pai ai te mahi, me whakarite kia pai te hononga wera i waenga i te pūangi me te paipa momi. Me whai i ngā tohutohu a te kaihanga te whakatakotoranga o te takirere whakawhanui wera me te pūangi pāmahana. Mēnā kāore i te tika te tāutanga, ka ngoikore te whakamatao.
Ka whakamahia te paipa taurite o waho hei hono i te putanga taurite o waho o te takirere whānui wera me te paipa momi e tata ana ki te paipa momi. Ko te paipa parahi 1/4 inihi e hono ana ki te paipa momi ka kiia ko te paipa taurite o waho.
Kia mōhio: I tēnei wā, he pai te kounga o te takirere whakawhanui wera, he iti noa te turuturu o te hauhautanga i runga i te paipa taurite o waho, ā, he pumau te mahi. Nō reira, ko te tūranga hononga o te taurite o waho ka taea te tū ki mua i te pūoko pāmahana, ki muri rānei i te pūoko pāmahana.
6. Paipa whakamatao:
Me mahi te hoahoa me te tāutanga o ngā paipa whakamatao e ngā tohunga miihini whakamatao whai tohu, e ai ki ngā ture ā-motu me ngā ture ā-rohe, me ngā tikanga whakahaere pai mō te miihini whakamatao.
I te wā tāutanga, whakaitihia te roa o te wā e pāngia ai te pūwero e te hau hei ārai i te urunga mai o ngā poke o waho me te makuku.
Kāore e hiahiatia kia rite te paipa hono whakamatao ki te paipa putanga o te evaporator. Ko te whiriwhiri me te tatau i te rahi o te paipa me hangai ki te kaupapa o te hekenga pēhanga iti rawa me te whakaiti i te tere rere.
Me wehe te paipa momi whakapae i te evaporator me te piko kia hoki ai te kaha o ngā tauera hinu tio ki te compressor. He nui te pikinga o te 1:100. Mēnā he teitei ake te paipa momi i te evaporator, he pai ake te tāuta i te mahanga whakahoki hinu.
Aratohu patuiro
Me whakahaere te tīmatanga me te whakaurunga o te pūnaha whakamatao e tētahi kaimahi miihini whakamatao whai tohu, kia rite ai ki ngā tikanga whakahaere whakamatao tika.
Me pupuri e te pūnaha he wāhi korehau kia kore ai e turuturu i te wā e utu ana i te hauhautanga. Mena he turuturu kei roto i te pūnaha, e whakaarohia ana kāore e whakaaetia te utu anō i te hauhautanga. Mena kāore te pūnaha i raro i te korehau, tirohia mēnā he turuturu kei raro i te pēhanga o te hauota i mua i te utu i te hauhautanga.
He tono hangarau pai tēnei hei tāuta i te whakamaroke wai me te karāhe tirohanga ki roto i te pūnaha pouaka whakamātao. Mā ngā whakamaroke raina wai ka whakarite kia ma, kia maroke hoki te hauhautanga o roto i te pūnaha. Ka whakamahia te karāhe tirohanga hei tirotiro kei te rawaka te hauhautanga i roto i te pūnaha.
Ka whakamahia he wai whakamatao wai hei utu, i te taha pēhanga teitei o te pūnaha, pērā i te pūwhakapūngao, i te pūwhakaemi rānei. Mēnā me utu i te taha momi o te pūwhakapūngao, me utu i roto i te āhua hau.
Tērā pea ka wetekina ngā waea o te wheketere nā te kawe, tēnā whakaū anō i te waea i mua i te wehenga atu i te wheketere me te waea i te wāhi. Tirohia mēnā kei te oma te motuka pā i te huarahi tika, ā, kei te kumea mai te hau mai i te koiri, ā, kei te tukuna mai i te taha pā.
Aratohu Whakaweto
Tangohia te pūwero i tōna wāhi tāutanga taketake, ā, me wetewete e te tohunga miihini whakamatao whai tohu mā te whai i te tikanga i raro nei. Ki te kore e whai i tēnei tikanga, ka whara te kaiwhakahaere, ka mate rānei, ka pakaru rānei ngā taonga nā te ahi, te pahūtanga rānei. He ture kore te tuku tika i te pūwero whakamatao ki te āhuarangi. Me papu te pūwero whakamatao kua kī katoa ki te pūwero, ki te tāke rokiroki wai rānei e tika ana, pērā i te rango hangarua, ā, me kati te takirere e rite ana i te wā kotahi. Ko ngā pūwero whakamatao katoa kua whakahokia mai kāore e taea te whakamahi anō me tuku ki ngā wāhi whakamahi anō, ki ngā wāhi whakangaro rānei o ngā pūwero whakamatao whai tohu.
Tapahia te pūtake hiko. Tangohia ngā waea ā-papa katoa e kore e hiahiatia, me ngā wāhanga hiko e pā ana, ā, hei whakamutunga, tapahia te waea whenua ka momotu i te paipa waikeri.
Hei whakataurite i te pēhanga i waenga i te evaporator me te ao o waho, me tino tupato i te whakatuwheratanga o te matua takirere ngira. Ka rewa tetahi nui o te hauhautanga ki roto i te hinu whakahinuhinu. Ina piki te pēhanga o te evaporator, ka koropupū te hauhautanga, ka memeha, ka pā kino pea ki te tangata.
Tapahia, ka hiritia hoki ngā hononga o ngā paipa wai me te paipa hau.
Tangohia te pūwero i te wāhi tāutanga. Mēnā e hiahiatia ana, whakamahia ngā taputapu hiki.
tiaki auau
I runga anō i ngā āhuatanga mahi me te taiao noa, i muri i te angitu o te whakatūnga, me whakarite he kaupapa tiaki hei whakarite kia pai te mahi a te mīhini whakapūngā me te pupuri i ngā utu whakahaere kia iti rawa. I te wā e mahi ana i te tiaki, tirohia me te tuhi i ngā tawhā e whai ake nei:
Tirohia te pūwero mō te waikura, te wiri rerekē, ngā puru hinu me ngā waikeri paru. Me horoi tonu ngā waikeri ki te wai mahana me te hopi.
Horoia ngā tara o te evaporator ki te paraihe ngohengohe, horoia ngā koiri ki te wai māmā iti te pēhanga, whakamahia rānei he mīhini horoi koiri e hokona ana. Kāore e whakaaetia te whakamahi i ngā kai horoi waikawa. Me whai i ngā aratohu whakamahinga o te waitohu. Horoia te koiri kia kore ra ano he toenga.
Tirohia mēnā kei te tika te hurihuri o ia pā hau motuka, kāore te taupoki pā hau i te āraia, ā, kei te whakau hoki ngā pūtu.
Tirohia ngā waea, ngā hononga, me ētahi atu wāhanga mō te pakaru o ngā waea, te tarewa o ngā waea, me te kakahu o ngā wāhanga.
Tirohia mēnā he hukapapa ōrite te hanganga i te taha o te koiri putanga hau i te wā e whakamahia ana. Ko te koretake o te pouaka e tohu ana i te aukati i te pane o te tohatoha, i te kore rānei o te utu o te hau whakamatao. Tērā pea kāore he hukapapa i te koiri i te wāhi momi nā te hau wera rawa.
Rapua ngā āhuatanga huka rerekē, ka whakarerekē i te huringa whakarewa i runga i tēnā.
Tirohia te wera nui, ka whakarerekē i te takirere whakawhānui wera kia rite ki tēnā.
Me whakaweto te hiko i te wā e horoi ana, e tiaki ana hoki. He wāhanga anō hoki ngā ipu waikeri e hiahia ana kia tiakina (ngā wāhanga wera, matao, hiko me ngā wāhanga e neke ana). He tūponotanga haumaru kei te whakahaeretia te mīhini whakapūhau me te kore he puna wai.
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi 23-2022
