Te hekenga o te hauhautanga wai
Ko te hekenga o te hauhautanga e pā ana ki te kohikohinga o te hauhautanga wai i roto i te pouaka whakakā o te pūwero ina kati te pūwero. Mēnā he iti iho te pāmahana i roto i te pūwero i te pāmahana i roto i te whakapūngao, ka panaia te hauhautanga ki tētahi wāhi makariri ake e te rerekētanga pēhanga i waenga i te pūwero me te whakapūngao. Tērā pea ka puta tēnei āhuatanga i ngā marama makariri o te takurua. Heoi, mō ngā taputapu hauhautanga me te papu wera, ina tawhiti te waeine whakapūngao i te pūwero, ahakoa he teitei te pāmahana, ka puta pea te āhuatanga hekenga.
Ina whakawetohia te pūnaha, ki te kore e whakakāhia i roto i ētahi haora, ahakoa kāore he rerekētanga pēhanga, ka puta pea te āhuatanga hekenga nā te kukume o te hinu whakamatao i roto i te pouaka whakakā ki te hau whakamatao.
Ki te nui rawa te wai whakamatao ka heke ki roto i te pouaka crank o te compressor, ka puta he ru nui o te wai ina tīmata te compressor, ka hua ake he maha ngā pakaru o te compressor, pērā i te pakaru o te kōpae takirere, te kino o te piston, te pakaru o te peera me te memeha o te peera (ka horoia e te refrigerant te hinu whakamatao mai i te peera).
Te waipuke o te hauhautanga wai
Ina kore e mahi te takirere whānui, ina kore rānei te hau whakapūhau e rere, ina āraia rānei e te tātari hau, ka puea ake te wai whakamatao i roto i te whakapūhau ka tomo ki te pūwhakapūhau hei wai, kaua hei mamaoa mā te ngongo momi. Ina rere te waeine, ka waimeha te hinu whakamatao i te puea ake o te wai, ka pakaru ngā wāhanga neke o te pūwhakapūhau, ā, ka heke te pēhanga hinu ka mahi te taputapu haumaru pēhanga hinu, ka ngaro te hinu o te pouaka whakakā. I tēnei wā, ki te whakawetohia te mīhini, ka tere te hekenga o te hau whakamatao, ka puta he ru wai ina tīmata anō.
Hama wai
Ina pā te wai, ka rangona te tangi patu whakarewa e puta mai ana i te pūwero, ā, ka haere tahi pea te pūwero me te wiri nui. Ka taea e te patu waipēhi te pakaru o te takirere, te pakaru o te gasket pane pūwero, te whati o te tokotoko hononga, te whati o te pou me ētahi atu momo kino o te pūwero. Ina heke te wai whakamatao wai ki roto i te pouaka crank, ka puta te ru wai ina tahurihia te pouaka crank. I ētahi waeine, nā te hanganga o te paipa, te wāhi rānei o ngā wāhanga, ka kohia te wai whakamatao wai ki roto i te ngongo momi, i te evaporator rānei i te wā e mutu ana te waeine, ā, ka uru ki te pūwero i te āhua o te wai parakore i te tere tino teitei ina tahurihia. He nui te tere me te kore e taea te aukati i te whiu waipēhi hei whakangaro i te tiaki o tētahi taputapu patu waipēhi ā-roto.
Te mahi a te taputapu whakahaere haumaru pēhanga hinu
I roto i tētahi waeine cryogenic, i muri i te wā tango huka, ka nui haere te hauhautanga wai ka meinga te taputapu whakahaere haumaru pēhanga hinu kia mahi. He maha ngā pūnaha kua hangaia kia taea ai e te hauhautanga te whakamatao te whakapūmau i roto i te ngongo whakapūngao me te ngongo momi i te wā e whakarewa ana, kātahi ka rere ki roto i te pouaka whakakā o te pūwero i te tīmatanga ka heke te pēhanga hinu, ka meinga te taputapu haumaru pēhanga hinu kia mahi.
I ētahi wā, kotahi, e rua rānei ngā mahi a te taputapu whakahaere haumaru pēhanga hinu, kāore e pā kino ki te pūwero, engari ki te maha ngā wā ka kore he āhuatanga whakahinuhinu pai, ka raru te pūwero. He maha ngā wā ka whakaarohia e te kaiwhakahaere he hapa iti noa te taputapu whakahaere haumaru pēhanga hinu, engari he whakatūpato tēnei kua neke atu i te rua meneti te oma o te pūwero me te kore he whakahinuhinu, ā, me whakatinana ngā mahi whakatikatika i te wā tika.
Ngā rongoā kua tūtohutia
Ko te nui ake o te hauhautanga e utaina ana ki te pūnaha whakamatao, ko te nui ake o te tūponotanga o te rahunga. Mēnā ka honoa te pūwhakamātautau me ētahi atu wāhanga nui o te pūnaha hei whakamātautau i te pūnaha, ka taea anake te whakatau i te utu hauhautanga mōrahi me te haumaru. Ka taea e ngā kaihanga pūwhakamātautau te whakatau i te nui rawa o te hauhautanga wai hei utaina me te kore e whara i ngā wāhanga mahi o te pūwhakamātautau, engari kāore e taea e rātou te whakatau i te nui o te utu hauhautanga katoa i roto i te pūnaha whakamatao kei roto i te pūwhakamātautau i te nuinga o ngā wā tino kino. Ko te nui rawa o te hauhautanga wai ka taea e te pūwhakamātautau te tu atu i runga i tōna hoahoa, te nui o te ihirangi me te nui o te hinu hauhautanga kua utaina. Ina puta he hekenga wai, he waipuke, he patuki rānei, me mahi te mahi whakatikatika e tika ana, ko te momo mahi whakatikatika e whakawhirinaki ana ki te hoahoa pūnaha me te momo rahunga.
Whakaitihia te nui o te hauhautanga kua utaina
Ko te huarahi pai hei tiaki i te pūwero mai i te pakaru i puta mai i ngā hauhautanga wai ko te whakawhāiti i te utu hauhautanga ki te awhe e whakaaetia ana e te pūwero. Ki te kore e taea tēnei, me whakaiti te nui o te whakakī kia rite ki te taea. I raro i te tikanga kia tutuki te tere rere, me whakamahi te pūwero, te pūwero me te paipa hono kia iti rawa, ā, me whiriwhiri te puna wai kia iti rawa. Ko te whakaiti i te nui o te whakakī me mahi tika kia mōhio ai te karu ki ngā mirumiru i puta mai i te diameter iti o te ngongo wai me te iti o te pēhanga o te upoko, ka arahi pea ki te whakakī nui.
Huringa whakawātea
Ko te tikanga tino kaha, tino pono hoki mō te whakahaere i te hauhautanga wai ko te huringa whakakore. Ina koa ka nui te utu pūnaha, mā te kati i te takirere solenoid o te paipa wai, ka taea te pupuhi i te hauhautanga ki roto i te condenser me te puna wai, ā, ka rere te compressor i raro i te mana whakahaere o te taputapu whakahaere haumaru pēhanga-iti, kia wehea ai te hauhautanga mai i te compressor ina kore te compressor e rere, kia kore ai e neke te hauhautanga ki te crankcase compressor. E taunakihia ana kia whakamahia he huringa whakakore tonu i te wā whakaweto hei ārai i te turuturu o te takirere solenoid. Mena he huringa whakakore kotahi, e kiia ana rānei he aratau whakahaere kore-hurihuri, ka nui rawa te kino o te turuturu o te hauhautanga ki te compressor ina whakawetohia mō te wā roa. Ahakoa ko te huringa whakakore tonu te huarahi pai ki te ārai i te hekenga, kāore e tiaki i te compressor mai i ngā pānga kino o te waipuke o te hauhautanga.
Whakamahana pouaka crankcase
I roto i ētahi pūnaha, taiao whakahaere, utu, manakohanga rānei a te kiritaki e kore ai e taea ngā huringa whakawātea, ka taea e ngā whakamahana pouaka miihini te whakaroa i te hekenga.
Ko te mahi a te whakamahana pouaka hiko he pupuri i te pāmahana o te hinu whakamatao i roto i te pouaka hiko kia teitei ake i te pāmahana o te wāhanga iti rawa o te pūnaha. Heoi, me whakawhāiti te mana whakamahana o te whakamahana pouaka hiko kia kore ai e wera rawa, e huka rānei te hinu waro. Ina tata te pāmahana taiao ki te -18° C, ina kitea rānei te ngongo momi, ka rerekē te mahi a te whakamahana o te pouaka hiko, ā, ka puta tonu pea te āhuatanga hekenga.
Ko te tikanga, ka whakamahana tonutia ngā whakamahana pouaka whakamātao i te wā e whakamahia ana, nā te mea ina uru te hauhautanga ki roto i te pouaka whakamātao, ā, ka whakatōtō ki roto i te hinu whakamatao, ka roa pea te wā ki te whakahoki anō ki te ngongo momi. Mēnā kāore i te tino kino te āhuatanga, he tino whai hua te whakamahana pouaka whakamātao mō te aukati i te hekenga, engari kāore e taea e te whakamahana pouaka whakamātao te tiaki i te pūwero mai i te kino i puta mai i te rerenga mai o te wai.
Wehewehe hau-wai ngongo momi
Mō ngā pūnaha e ngāwari ana ki te waipuke o te wai, me tāuta he wehewehe hau-wai ki te raina momi hei penapena wā poto i te wai whakamatao kua maringi mai i te pūnaha, hei whakahoki anō i te wai whakamatao ki te pūwhakapūmau i te tere e taea ai e te pūwhakapūmau te tu atu.
Ko te waipuke o te pouaka whakamātao ka tino puta ina whakawhitihia te papu wera mai i te āhua whakamatao ki te āhua whakamahana, ā, i te nuinga o te wā, he taputapu nui te wehenga hau-wai o te ngongo momi i roto i ngā papu wera katoa.
Ko ngā pūnaha e whakamahi ana i te hau wera mō te whakarewa, ka ngāwari hoki te waipuke o te wai i te tīmatanga me te mutunga o te whakarewa. Ko ngā taputapu wera-rahi iti pērā i ngā pouaka tio wai me ngā pūwero i roto i ngā pouaka whakaatu pāmahana-iti ka taea te waipuke i ētahi wā nā te koretake o te whakahaere hauhautanga. Mō ngā taputapu waka, ina roa te wā whakaweto, ka ngāwari hoki te waipuke nui i te wā e tīmata anō ana.
I roto i te pūwero e rua ngā wāhanga, ka whakahokia tika te momi ki te rango o raro, ā, kāore e tika mā te rūma motuka, ā, me whakamahi he wehewehe hau-wai hei tiaki i te takirere pūwero mai i te kino o te pupuhi wai.
Nā te mea he rerekē ngā whakaritenga utu whānui mō ngā pūnaha whakamatao rerekē, ā, he rerekē hoki ngā tikanga whakahaere hau whakamatao, ko te hiahia mō tētahi wehewehe hau-wai me te rahi o te wehewehe hau-wai e hiahiatia ana ka whakawhirinaki ki ngā whakaritenga o te pūnaha motuhake. Mena kāore i te tika te whakamātautau i te nui o te rerenga wai e hoki whakamuri ana, ko te huarahi hoahoa matawhānui ko te whakatau i te kaha wehewehe hau-wai i te 50% o te utu katoa o te pūnaha.
Wehewehe hinu
Kāore e taea e te wehewehe hinu te whakaoti i te hapa whakahoki hinu i puta mai i te hoahoa pūnaha, kāore hoki e taea te whakaoti i te hapa whakahaere hauhautanga wai. Heoi, ki te kore e taea te whakaoti i te hapa whakahaere pūnaha mā ētahi atu huarahi, ka āwhina te wehewehe hinu ki te whakaiti i te nui o te hinu e rere ana i roto i te pūnaha, ka taea te āwhina i te pūnaha i roto i tētahi wā nui tae noa ki te whakahokinga o te whakahaere pūnaha ki te noho noa. Hei tauira, i roto i tētahi waeine pāmahana tino iti, i tētahi mīhini whakapūngao wai katoa rānei, ka pāngia pea te hinu whakahoki e te whakarewatanga, i roto i tēnei take ka taea e te wehewehe hinu te āwhina ki te pupuri i te nui o te hinu matao i roto i te kōpeke i te wā e whakarewatia ana te pūnaha.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-07-2023
