Ko te hauhautanga, e mōhiotia ana ko te hauhautanga, te matū mahi i roto i te pūnaha whakamatao. I tēnei wā, neke atu i te 80 ngā momo matū ka taea te whakamahi hei hauhautanga. Ko ngā hauhautanga tino noa ko te Freon (tae atu ki: R22, R134a, R407c, R410a, R32, me ētahi atu), te haukini (NH3), te wai (H2O), te hauhā waro (CO2), me te iti noa o ngā hauwaiwaro (pēnei i: R290, R600a).
Ko ngā tohu pānga o ngā pouaka whakamātao ki te taiao o te ao ko: te kaha ki te whakaiti i te ōzone (ODP) me te kaha ki te whakamahana o te ao (GWP); hei tāpiri atu ki te pānga ki te taiao, me whai haumaru hoki ngā pouaka whakamātao hei tiaki i te oranga me ngā taonga o te tangata.
Te Pūmanawa Whakaiti Ozone ODP: E tohu ana i te kaha o ngā chlorofluorocarbons i te āhuarangi ki te whakangaro i te paparanga ozone. Ko te iti o te uara, ko te pai ake o ngā āhuatanga taiao o te hauhautanga. Ko ngā hauhautanga he iti iho i te 0.05, he ōrite rānei, e kiia ana he pai i runga i ngā taumata o nāianei.
Te Pūmanawa Mahana Ao o te GWP: He tohu mō te pānga o ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi ki te āhuarangi, e tohu ana i roto i tētahi wā (20 tau, 100 tau, 500 tau), ka rite te pānga kati kōtuhi o tētahi hau kati kōtuhi ki te kounga o te CO2 me te pānga ōrite, CO2. Ko te GWP=1.0. I te nuinga o te wā ka tatauhia te GWP i runga i te 100 tau, e tohuhia ana ko te GWP100, ko te "Montreal Protocol" me te "Kyoto Protocol" e whakamahi ana i te GWP100.
1. Te whakarōpūtanga o ngā pouaka whakamatao
E ai ki te GB/T 7778-2017, e waru ngā wāhanga o te haumaru o te hauhautanga, arā: A1, A2L, A2, A3, B1, B2L, B2, B3, ko A1 te mea tino haumaru, ā, ko B3 te mea tino morearea.
Ko ngā taumata haumaru o ngā pouaka whakamatao noa koia ēnei:
Momo A1: R11, R12, R13, R113, R114, R115, R116, R22, R124, R23, R125, R134a,, R236fa, R218, RC318, R401a, R401b, R402a, R402b, R403a, R403b, R404a, R407a, R407b, R407c, R407d, R408a, R409a, R410a, R417a, R422d, R500, R501, R502, R507a, R508a, R508b, R509a, R513a, R744
Momo A2: R142b, R152a, R406a, R411a, R411b, R412a, R413a, R415b, R418a, R419a, R512a
kāwai A2L: R143a, R32, R1234yf, R1234ze(E)
Akomanga A3: R290, R600, R600a, R601a, R1270, RE170, R510a, R511a
Kāwai B1: R123, R245fa
Kāwai B2L: R717
E ai ki te pāmahana mimiti o te hau mātao i raro i te pēhanga paerewa o te hau (100kPa), ka taea te wehewehe ki: te hau mātao pāmahana-tiketike, te hau mātao pāmahana-waenga, me te hau mātao pāmahana-iti.
Pūmahana hauhautanga pāmahana teitei pēhanga iti: he teitei ake te pāmahana mimiti i te 0°C, ā, he iti iho te pēhanga hauhautanga i te 29.41995×104Pa. He pai ēnei pūmahana hauhautanga mō te whakamahi i roto i ngā pūwhakamātao porowhita i roto i ngā pūnaha hauhautanga.
Pūmahana hauhautanga pāmahana-waenga pēhanga-waenga: pūmahana hauhautanga pāmahana-waenga pēhanga-waenga: pāmahana mimiti -50 ~ 0°C, pēhanga whakatōtō (196.113 ~ 29.41995) × 104Pa. Ko tēnei momo pūmahana hauhautanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha whakamatao piston pēhanga-kotahi me ngā pūnaha whakamatao piston pēhanga-rua noa.
Te hauhautanga pēhanga teitei me te pāmahana iti: te hauhautanga pēhanga teitei me te pāmahana iti: he iti iho te pāmahana mimiti i te -50°C, ā, he teitei ake te pēhanga hauhautanga i te 196.133×104Pa. He pai tēnei momo hauhautanga mō te wāhanga pāmahana iti o te pūrere whakamatao cascade, mō te pūrere pāmahana iti rānei i raro i te -70°C.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-28-2022
